Institute of Health Science, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan. masumoto@ihs.kyushu-u.ac.jp
We
compared physiological and perceptual responses, and stride
characteristics while walking backward in water with those of walking
forward in water.
Eight males walked on an underwater treadmill,
immersed to their xiphoid process level. Oxygen uptake ((.)V(O2)),
respiratory exchange ratio (R), heart rate (HR), minute ventilation
((.)V(E)), blood lactate concentration (BLa), ratings of perceived
exertion (RPE: for breathing and legs, RPE-Br and RPE-Legs,
respectively), blood pressure (for systolic and diastolic pressures,
SBP and DBP, respectively), and step frequency (SF) were measured.
In
addition, step length (SL) was calculated. (.)V(O2), R, HR, V (E), BLa,
RPE-Br, RPE-Legs, and SBP were significantly higher while walking
backward in water than when walking forward in water (P<0.05).
Furthermore, SF was significantly higher (P<0.001) and SL was
significantly lower (P<0.001) while walking backward in water,
compared to walking forward in water.
These results indicate that
walking backward in water elicits higher physiological and perceptual
responses than those produced when walking forward in water at the same
speed.
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